Carbon
Carbon is one of the chemical elements symbolized by C, and it is located at the top of the fourteenth group in the periodic table within the elements of the second cycle, and is distinguished by that it has an atomic number 6, is a quadrivalent element, and is among the non-metallic elements, and its ability to bond with other carbon atoms from To form long carbon chains, and to bind with a number of other elements to form millions of organic compounds.
The chemical properties of carbon
Chemically stable.
Resistant to chemical reactions when the normal conditions of temperature and pressure are provided, as it is resistant to the influence of expanded acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and it is resistant to the influence of oxidants and alkalis.
Its reductive qualities; It can reduce metal oxides at high temperatures.
Uses of carbon
The core of the pencils used in drawing, writing and drawing.
Installation of electrodes that are used in dry batteries.
Installing ink, watercolor, and oil-based printing, installing carbon paper, and printing material in laser printer cartridges.
Coloring plastic products, and making synthetic rubber that is used in the manufacture of tires.
Carbon negatives
Inhalation of carbon black causes irritation to the tissues of the lungs, and it also causes siccidosis in coal workers.
air pollution.
Diamonds
Diamond is considered allotropic to carbon, and it is considered to have a cubic crystalline structure that takes double forms of that cubic structure, which has eight faces, especially twelve faces, and sometimes mutations occur in its composition, so it appears to be spherical, and the popularity of diamonds increased during the nineteenth century AD, and it is distinguished by Precious commercial stones, in addition to its electrical insulation ability, good heat transfer, and high transparency.
Diamond uses
Manufacture of jewelry and jewelry.
Drilling deep wells for oil, water and natural gas.
Manufacture of medical devices, electronic devices, glass cutting, and industrial equipment.
Diamond composition
Diamond is composed of the basic element carbon that is important for all life, and it is considered one of the only gemstones that consist of a single element; As the nature of carbon includes six electrons and six protons surrounding the nucleus, and four electrons of six are equivalent.
Diamond mines
Most of the diamonds are extracted from craters. As the lava is dumped from the depths of the earth to distances of up to 150 km, most of the mines are located in central and southern Africa, in addition to a few of them in Russia, Australia, Canada, and Brazil, and 26,000 kilograms of it are extracted per year; Equivalent to 130 million carats.
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